Clamp and grip chuck



@sito 2 H923., 119469,36@

` J. IK. CULLEN CLAMP AND GRIP CHUCK Filed July 23, 1920 2Sheess-Shee'if @et .2 w23, 1,4%

J. K. @ULLEN CLAMP AND GRIP CHUCK' Patented @cto 2, i923.

narran stares earner aerien.

JAMES K. GUILLEN, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T@ NILES-BEMENT-POND COM-PANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPGRATION OF NEW JERSEY..

CLAMP 'AND emr CHUCK.

Application filed July 23, 1926. Serial No. 398,473.

To all whomf t may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES K. CULLEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented a certain new and useful Clamp and Grip Chuck, of

which the following is a. specification.

This invention relates to chuck mechanisms and particularly to acombined centering and clamping chuck. In the drawings I haveillustrated the invention as applied to a car wheel boring tablealthough it will be readily understood that the use of the invention isnot necessarily so limited.

In a boring mill such as illustrated in the patent to A. C. IVais,1,296,885, a plurality of work-holding and driving jaws are mounted forradial movement on a rotary work table. Such jaws serve to first centerthe work and thereafter are required to drive the work in the boringoperation. Since the jaws are self-tightening, through the rotation ofthe work table, they ma ordinarily hold the work quite securely. ow-

' ever, in order that the work may be positively held withoutanyslipping backward due to the reaction of the cutting tool thereon, thepresent invention aims to provide holding or clamping jaws in additionto the centering jaws.

It is accordingly one object of the present invention to provide a workholder having mounted thereon a plurality of radially movable jaws forcentering the, work and other jaws for securely clamping and holding thework during the operation of the tool thereon. Another object of theinvention is to provide a work holder having separate centeringl jawsand clamping jaws thereon and separate power means for operating bothSets 0f jaws. A further object of the invention is to provide a workholder having" two sets of Work-engagng jaws thereon, at least one setbeing operated by fluid pressure means. Still another object of -theinvention is to providea combined centering and clamping jaw, thecentering jaw being adapted to bc mounted for radial movement on a workholder or table andthe clamping jaw being mounted for movement withinthe centering jaw. Other and more specific objects of the invention willbecome apparent as the description proceeds. j

Referring to the figures of the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a boring mill having the presentinvention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional Iview through the work tableshowing the work-holding elements thereon.

Fig. 3 is a plan View thereof.

Fig. 4 is a detail side elevation of one of the combined centering andclamping jaws. i Fig. 5 is a plan View thereof, a portion bein?` shownin horizontal section.

ig. 6 is a front View thereof.

In accordance with the present invention, two sets of work-engaging jawsare provided on the work holder or table, one set being adapted to rstengage and cener the work and the other set being adapted to thereafterengage the work in a clamping grip to hold the same during the operationof thetool thereon. As shown in the drawings the respective 'jaws arearranged in pairs, a clamping jaw being mounted for movement within eachcentering jaw, although it will be clear that any other arrangementwithin the broad scope of the invent-ion may be had if desired.Preferably the tw@ sets of jaws are operated -by separate power means aswill be described'. The arrangement. illustrated shows the centeringjaws mounted for radial movement on a rotary work table such asillustrated in the above mentioned Patent 1,296,885, a clamping jawbeing mounted for movement within each centering jaw.

Referring to the drawings, l represents the main frame of a boring mill,this being formed with a bed 2 upon which is rotatably supported a table3. As shown in Fig. 2, the bed is provided with a vertical bearing 4 inwhich rotates a hollow trunnion 5 secured to the table 3. Associatedwith the table 3 is a gear ring -6, the bevel teeth of which mesh with abevel gear 7 carried by a horizontal longitudinal shaft 8. Through theshaft 8 power is supplied to rotate the table and a suitable means isprovided for driving the shaft in'either direction. A belt drive may beused, but preferably, as shown, the driving means comprises an electricmo? tor 9 connected with the shaft through gearing 10. For starting,stopping and reversing the'motor there is provided a controller 11having an operating handle 12.

As shown at 13, the machine. is provided with a vertical boring barwhich is secured to a slide 14 vertically movable in a guideway on theupper part of the frame 1. The boring bar 13 is substantially inalinement with the axis of the table 3 and of the trunnion 5, and isadapted to carry asuitable-bor`l ing tool. Preferably a counterbalance15 is connected withl the slide 14 in the way shown. For moving theslide and the boring bar vertically there is provided a suitablemechanism which includes a hand wheel 16. Preferably there is also aworm wheel 17 meshing with a worm 18 on a longitudinal shaft 19. Powermeans such as a change gear mechanism 20, suitably connected with themain drive, is provided for rotating the shaft 19 and thus turning theworm wheel and moving the slide and the boring bar vertically to eii'ectfeeding in direct relation to the rotation of the table. The worm wheel17 can be either connected to or Vdisconnected from the slide by meansof a second hand wheel 21.

The table 3 is provided lwith a plurality of radial guideways in each ofwhich is fitted a slide 22. Three such guideways or slotsare shown inthe drawings, but it will be understood that thenumbercan be varied.Each slide 22 carries a main or centering jaw 23 and preferably the jawsare adjustable longitudinally in the slides. As shown, each slide has aT-slot 24 into which extends a bolt 25 engaging the corresponding jaw.Preferably each slide and jaw are provided respectively withintermeshing teeth 26 which serve to positively lock the jaw in positionwith respect to the slide when the bolt 25 is tightened.

A ring or plate 27 is mounted for rotation about the same axis as thetable 3 and is capable of a limited rotative movement independent of thetable mevements. Preferably, as shown, the.ring 27 lis seated in anannular groove or channel in the bottom of the plate and .is held inplace by an annular clip or ring 28. Means is provided whereby rotativemovement of the ring 27 with respect to the table 3 affects radialmovements of the slides 22and the jaws 23. Preferably'this means isconstructed as Jfollows: rlhe ring 27 is provided with a. series ofspiral slots or grooves 29 corresponding in number to the slides 22.Projecting downward from each slide and extending through a. radial slotin the table is a pin 30. Fitted to each pin 30 isa shoe 31 which isadapted to fit the corresponding spiral groove 29. ltwill be seen that,when the ring 27 is moved with respectyto the table inthe direction ofthe arrow in Fig. 3, the

several slides and jaws will be move-d inward. When-the ring is movedwith respect to the table in the other direction, the several slides andjaws will be moved outward.

lit will be understood that when the inside of a wheel rim or tire is tobe gripped the direction of inclinations of the cam slots is reversed,thus reversing the directions of movements of the slides and jaws.

The aforesaid gear ring 6 is supported independently of thetable 3'andof the ring 27. As shown, it is carried by a bearing ring 32 secured tothe bed 2. Formed in the upper part of the gear ring 6 is an annulargroove 33 in which are one or more obst-ructions.y As shown, there aretwo obstructions 34Y and 35 placed about 90o apart, and these are formedas integral parts of the gear ring casting. Preferably renewable plates34a and 35 are fittedinto grooves yat the sides of the obstructions 34and 35. The cam ring 27 is provided with a lug 36 which projects intothe groove 33. Preferably the lug 36 carries at its opposite sides twoshoes 37, 37 held in place by a pin 38 extending through the lug. Thisconstruction within itself is a part of the invention comprised in theabove mentioned Patent 1,296,885 and reference to such patent should behad for a more complete disclosure. thereof.

As above stated, in addition to the ycentering jaws l provide aplurality of clamping jaws, in the construction illustrated a serratedclamping jaw 39 being mounted for movement within each centering jaw,such construction comprising in effect a combined centering and clampingjaw. I preferably opera-te each clamping jaw 39 bymeans of a slidingwedge 40 on a piston rod 41 movable within a cylinder 42 secured to thecentering jaw by means of bolts 43 or otherwise. A block 44 isinterposed between each clamping jaw 39 and its operating wedge 40 and aspring and pin 45 in each clamping jaw serves to normally hold eachclamping jaw at the lowermost position of the wedge. By reference toFig. 5 it will be seen that the interposition of the block 44 betweenthe jaw'39 and wedge 40 pre- `vents the longitudinal sliding movementofu either of the said elements from having any sliding effect upon theother element. Each wedge is normally held in a disengaged p0- sition bymeans of a compression sprin 46 on the inside of the piston 47 and isforced to its operative position by means of fluid pressure on theoppositeside of the piston, the branch fluid pressure pipes `-48 fromeach cylinder extending Withln the trunnion 5 to a swivel joint 49 onthe main fluid supply pipe 50. It will be noted that the horizontalportion 48a of such branch pipes are fiexible thereby allowing for theradial move'- ment of the jaws 23. The arrangement of the pipes 48 issuch as to provide space forI a chip bucket therebetween adapted to seaton the dswivel joint 49.

In operation, the work, such as a car wheel W to be bored, is placed onthe table with its axis substantially coincident with the table axis,the several jaws 23 being in proximity to the periphery of the wheel. Itwill be understood that the jaws can be adjusted on the slides tocorrespond to wheels of di'erent diameters. Then the motor 9 is startedby means of the controller 11 to drive the gear ring 6 in the directionindicated by the arrow in Fig. 3 As soon as the obstruction engages thelug 36 the cam ring 27 is started in the direction of the 'arrow andturns relatively to the-table 3., This relative turning movement. servesto move all of the slides 22 and jaws 23 inward. This movement continuesuntil the jaws 23 rmly engage the periphery ot the wheel to center thesame, whereupon relative movement between the ring and the table ceasesand the table starts to rotate carrying the wheel with.

it. The work now being centered upon the table, Huid pressure isadmitted to the pipe 50 and passed through the branch pipes 48 and 48ato the cylinders whereupon the wedges 40 are forced inward therebytorcing the clamping jaws 39 outward into driving engagement with thework. The rotative movement of the table and of the wheel is continuedand the boring bar 13- is fed downf ward to bring the boring tool intoengagement with the huh of the wheel.. The driving pressure on theclamping jaws 39 tends to slide such jaws toward the springs and, theblock 44 being inclined upwardly, any movement of the jaws in suchdirection forces the same radially into tighter engagement with thework. The boring operation is effected in the usual way.

At the end of the boring operation the fluid pressure is cut ofiv fromthe pipe 5) whereupon the springs 46 withdraw the wedges from engagementwith the blocks 44 to release the clamping jaws from the work.

`The jaws 23 however remain engaged with the lwheel and special means isprovided for disengaging them. They can be disengaged loy moving the camring relatively to the table in the. direction opposite to the arrow inFig. 3. lout` because of the clamping action which has taken place, thisrelative movement may not be easily effected. It will be apparent fromthe description which has already been given that considerable lost'motion is permitted between the gear ring 6 and the cam ring 27.Advantage is taken of this lost motion for applying a powert'ul blow todrive the ring .27 backward in the direction to release the centeringjaws. .Xt the conclusion of the turning oper- :uionand when fluidpressure has been cut oft from the pipe 50, the motor .9 is started inthe reverse direction by means of the conn troller 11, thus driving thegear ring 6in the direction opposite to the arrow in Fig. 3. The gearring is relatively heavy and acquires considerable momentum. Itsrotationcontinues until the obstruction 34 engages the lug 36 on the camring, thus applying a blow which tends to rotate the ring backward., Inmany cases a single blow will be sutlicient to drive the ring far enoughto en tirely release the jaws, but, it necessary, by reversing themotor, subsequent blows may be delivered until the jaws are released.

It will be seen that by this construction I have provided a simplechuckwhich automatically engages and centers the work when the table isstarted in the operative direo-V tion, and in combination with thecentering jaws are provided preferably a like number of clamping jawswhich are adapted to securely grip the work after the centeringl thereofby the main or centering jaws and to hold the same secured during theoperation of the tool thereon. While the construction illustrated showsone embodiment of the invention it. should be understood that the sameis capable of various modifications within the scope of the appendedclaims.

What I claim is:

1. In a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder, al pluralityofclamping jaws on the holder movable in the same general direction forclamping the work that the centering jaws move in centering the work,the centering jaws being adapted to first engage the work to center thesame and the clamping jaws being adapted to be operated thereafter togrip the work adjacent the centering jaws to drive the same, and poweroperated means for operating the centering andmclamping jaws.

2. In a metal working machine. the combination ot a work holder. aplurality ot' radi ally movable centering jaws on the holder, aplurality of clamping jaws .onthe holder movable in the same generaldirection for clamping the work that the centering jaws move incenteringn the work, the centering jaws being adapted to first engagethe work to center the same and the clamping jaws being adapted to beoperated thereafter to grip the work adjacent the centering jaws todrive the same, and power operated means including fluid pressure meansfor operating the centering and clamping jaws.

3. In a metal working machine, the combination ot a work holder. aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder` a pluralityof vclamping jaws on theJv holder movable in the same general directionfor clamping the work that the centering jaws more iu centering thework. the centering jaws being adapted to first engage the work tocenter the same and the clamping jaws being adapted to be operatedthereafter to grip the work to drive the same, and separate power meansfor operatingl the centering and clamping jaws respectively.

4. In a metal workingI machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder, a pluralityof clamping jaws on the holder movable in the same general direction forclamping the work that the centering jaws move in centering` the work,power means for operating the centering jaws, and means operated byother power means for operating the clamping jaws simultaneously andwith equal pressure.

5. In a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder, a pluralityof clamping jaws on the holder, both sets of jaws being radiallymova-ble inward in clamping the work, the centering' jaws being adaptedto first engage the work to center the same and the clamping jaws beingadapted to be operated thereafter to grip the work adjacent thecenterinor jaws to drive the same, and power means or operating bothsets of jaws.

6. In a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of radiallyvmovable centering jaws on the holder, a pluralityof clampingfjawson the holder, both sets of jaws being radially movableinward in clamping the work, the centering jaws being adapted to firstengage the work to center the same and the clamping jaws being adaptedto be operated thereafter to grip the work adjacent the centering jawsto drive the same, power lmeans for operating; one set of jaws, andfluid pressure means for operating the other set of jaws. l

7. In a metal working machine. the combination of a work holder, aplurality ofradially movable centering jaws on the holder, a pluralityof clamping jaws on the holder, both sets of jaws being radially movableinward in clamping the work, the centering jaws being adapted to firstengage the work to center the same and the clamping jaws4 being adaptedto be operated thereafter to grip the work adjacent` the centering jawsto drive the same` and means operated by separate power means foroperating each set of jaws respectively.

8. ln a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder. aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder` a pluralityof clamping jaws on the holder,

both sets of jaws being radially movable in'- ward in clamping the work,the centering jaws being adapted to first engage 'the work to center thesame and the clamping jaws being adapted to be. operated thereafter togrip the work to drive the same. power means for operating the centeringjaws, and means operated by other power means for operating the clampingjaws simultaneously and with equal pressure.

9. In a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder, a pluralityof clamping jaws onthe holder movable in the same general direction forclamping the work that the centering'jaws move in centering the work,mechanical power means for operating the centering jaws, and fiuidpressure means ttor operating the clamping jaws. i

10. In a metal working machine, the lcombination of a work holder, a.plurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder, a pluralityof radially movable 'clamping jaws onjthe holder adjacent the centeringjaws, the centering jaws beingr adapted to first engage the work tocenter the same and the clamping jaws being adapted to be operatedthereafter to grip the work to drive the same, cam means for operatingthe centering jaws, and fluid pressure means for operating the clampingjaws.

11. ln a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder, a pluralityof radially vmovable clamping jaws on the holder in approximately thesame transverse plane as the centering jaws and movable relativethereto, and power means for operating theA centering and clamping jaws,the centering jaws being adapted to first engage the work to center thesame and the clamping jaws being adapted thereafter to grip the workadjacent the centering jaws to drive the same and the clamping jaws andthe operating means therefor being of such construction that any rota-ryslipping of the work dueY to the reaction of the tool thereon willautomatically tighten the clamping jaws on the work.

12. ln a metal workingr machine. the combination of a work holder` aplurality of radially movable centeringr jaws on the holder, a pluralityof radially movable clamping jaws on the holder in approximately thesame transverse plane as the centering jaws, and movable relativethereto. power means for operating one set of jaws. and fluid pressuremeans for operating the other set of jaws. the clamping jaws and thesaid operating means therefor being,r of such construction that anvslippingof the work due to the reaction of the tool thereon willautomaticallyY tighten the clamping jaws on the. work.

13. ln a metal working machine. the combination of a work holder` aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder. a plnralitvof radially movable clamping jaws on the holder in approximately thesame transverse plane as the centering jaws. power means for operatingthe centering jaws, and other power lmeans for operating the clampingjaws, the clamping jaws and their operating means being of suchconstruction that any rotary slipping of the work due to the reaction ofthe tool thereon will automatically tighten the clamping jaws on thework.

lt. In a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of ra-a dially movable centering jaws on the holder, a.plurality of radially movable clamping jaws on the holder inapproximately the same transverse plane as the centering jaws, powermeans for operating the centering jaws, wedge means for operating theclamping jaws, and other power means Jfor operating the said wedgemeans, the clamping jaws and their operating wedges being so relatedthat any rotary slipping of the work duc to the reaction of the toolthereon will automatically tighten the clamping jaws on the work,

15. ln a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality ot radially movable centering jaws on the holder, a pluralityof radially movable clamping jaws on the holder in approximately thesame transverse plane as the rcenteringi jaws, power operated means foroperating the centeringrjaws, a wedge for operating each clamping jaw,and fluid pressure means `for operating the said wedges, theclampingjaws and their operatingr wedges being so related that anyrotary slipping of the work due to the reaction of the tool thereon willautomatically tighten the clamping jaws on the work.

1G. ln a metal working machine, the combination ot a rotary workholder., a plurality ol radially movable centering jaws on the holder` aplurality of clamping jaws on the holder means operated by the holderrotation `for operating the centering' jaws, power means for operatingthe clamping jaws, and means 'for rotating the holder.

1T. ln a metal workingY machine, the cornbination ot a rotary workholder, a plurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder. a,plurality of radially movable clamping jaws on the holder, meansoperated bv the holder rotation for operating the centeringr jaws. powermeans for operating,1 the clamping jaws simultaneously and with equalpressure` and means for rotating the la. ln a metal working,r machine,the combination oi a rotary work holder, a plurality ot radially movablecentering jaws on the holder` a plurality of clamping jaws on theholder` means operated by the holder rotation for operating thecentering jaws, fluid pressure means t'or operatingr the clamping jawsyand means for rotating the holder.

1S). ln a metal working machine, the combination of a rotary work table,a plurality of radially movable centering jaws on the table, a pluralityof clamping jaws on the table, means operated by the table rotation formoving the centering jaws radially, luid pressure operated means foroperating the clamping jaws, and pipes leading from the last mentionedmeans downwardly and inwardly to a swivel joint mounted on the mainfluid pressure supply pipe at the 'cene ter of table rotation, the spacebetween the said downwardly extending pipes aording room for a chipbucket adapted to rest on the swivel joint.

20. ln a metal working machinethe combination of a work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering= jaws on the holder, a clampingjaw mounted in each centering jaw, and power means for moving thecenteringn jaws radially of the holder and for moving the clamping jawsin the centering jaws.,

21. ln a metal working machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of ra= dially movable centeringa jaws on the holder, aclamping jaw mounted in eac-h centering jaw, power means for moving thecenteringn jaws radially of the holder, and duid pressure means formoving the clamping jaws in the centering jaws.

22. ln a metal working; machine.,A the combination of a work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering4 jaws ontlie holder, a clampingjaw mounted in each centeringq jaw, power means for operatingB thecentering jaws, and other power 'means for movingr the clamping jaws inthe centeringjaws.

23. ln a metal working; machine, the combination of a' work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder, a serratedclamping jaw mounted in each centering jaw, power operated means foroperating the centering` jaws, and duid pressure means for moving theclamping jaws in the centering jaws.

24. In a metal working7 machine, the combination ot a work holder, aplurality of radially movable centering jaws on the holder, a serratedclamping jaw mounted in each centering jaw, power operated means foroperating the centering jaws, and tluid pressure operated wedge meansfor moving" the m5 clamping jaws in the centering jaws.

25. ln a metal working machine, the com bination of a work holder, aplurality of ra diall y movable centeringA jaws on the holder, aclamping jaw mounted in each` centering; jaw` a fluid pressure cylindermounted on each ot the centering jaws, power operated means foroperating the centering? jaws, and fluid pressure operated means withineach of the said cylinders for moving; its respec- 125 tive clamping jawwithin the centering jaw.

26. ln a metal working; machine, the combination of a work holder, aplurality of ra dially movable centering jaws on the, holder, Iaclamping jaw mounted in each centering jaw, a Huid pressure cylindermounted on each of the centering jaws, power operated means foroperating the centering jaws, and means comprising a piston Within eachcylinder operated in one direction by Huid pressure means and in theopposite direction by spring means for controlling the movement of eachclamping jaw Within its centering 27. A combined centering and clampingjaw comprising the combination of a Work .centering element adapted tobe mounted for radial movement on a work table, a clamping elementmounted for limited Workengaging movement Within the centering element,and fluid pressure means for moving the clamping element intoengagement, with the Work relative to the centering element.

28.k A combined centering and clamping jaw comprising the combination ofa Work centering element adapted to be'mounted for radial movement on aWork table, a serrated lineally movable clamping element mounted forlimited Work-engaging movement Within 1the centering element, a wedgefor mov ing the clamping-element into engagement with the Work relativeto the centering element, and means for moving the Wedge in the jaw.

incase@ 29. A combined centering and clamping jaw comprising thecombination of a work centering element adapted to be mounted for radialmovement on a Work table, aserrated clamping element mounted for slidingmovement in two right angular directions Within lthe centering element,a Wedge for forcing the clamping element outwardly in one directionagainst the Work, a block mounted between the clamping element andWedge. the clamping element being slidable on said block, and a springfor normally keeping the clamping element at the lower portion of theblock and Wedge.

30. A combined centering and clamping jaw comprising the combination ofa work centering element adapted to be .mounted for radial movement on aWork table, a serrated lineally movable clamping element mounted forlimited lWork-engapdng movement Within the centering element, wedgemeans for moving the clamping element into engagement with the workrelative to the centering element` a Huid pressure cylinder on thecentering element, and a piston within the cylinder operativelyconnected to the Wedge means.

lin testimony whereof, I hereto afiix my signature.

JAMES K. CULLEN.

